Ten Simple Rules For Structuring Papers

Ten Simple Rules For Structuring Papers Will use this service again, everything was great. I'm impressed with the way this paper turned out. Had to ask for a couple of revision sessions however the ultimate result's great. This is maybe the most boring a part of the method. The objective of the essay can even depend on whether it is an educative or informative piece. If you are attempting to teach readers, you wish to select a topic that resonates together with your viewers. For example, you can interview an professional in office politics to discuss the way to prevent disagreements between senior and junior staff. A well-written interview paper will speak on to the reader and make them feel as if they are the one interviewing the expert. Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion --- these are the important thing parts of a good paper. Make sure that your title is catchy and informative, all of sudden. Allow your title to pique your readers’ curiosity and even make a press release. Here are some straightforward-to-observe tips to give you a fantastic title on your analysis paper. In general, those citations will embody the final name of the writer and a page number, 12 months, or both denoting the sourceâ€"format varies by type. These citations should go next to quotes in addition to paraphrased information. Some require a summary of research, whereas others want an authentic argument supported with analysis. You should look through dozens of sources to find the information that may help you structure the paper. We know where to look for them and what sources to use. This makes it essential to craft the interview in a method that's partaking. You additionally need to interview a educated person who can present new information about the subject. The IMRAD is a passkey to the construction and function of an excellent research paper. Try to do that the day after you end your ultimate draft so as to verify it with fresh eyes. Texts from this period have largely been misplaced to time, and the primary cause is poor preservation strategies (Jones, 2005, p. 27). embrace a works cited listing and cite your sources according to the required fashion guide! Within your paper, that means utilizing in-textual content and parenthetical citations correctly. Use tutorial search engines like google similar to Academic Search Premier, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and others. If you’re unsure how to entry these, check together with your campus library. Professors could have a pre-approved list of topics, or they may provide you with a really general immediate. When selecting a topic, hold a few things in thoughts. All in all of the paper was OK however I expected more for this worth. If it is tough to fulfill in particular person, you possibly can conduct the interview via telephone, video call or other electronic means. It is advisable to arrange more questions than you plan to ask. During the interview, you'll be able to then select those you feel are best fitted to the interviewee or the scenario. Highlight or organize the questions in order of significance to maximize your time with the interviewed person. Serving High School, College, and University students, their teachers, and impartial researchers since 2000. Always give your paper one last learn-via to examine for minor errors. Start with a quick overview of the subject and relevant background information. This is simply a paragraph, so hold it engaging but succinct. In the digital age, academic analysis takes place principally on-line . Still, this doesn’t mean that Wikipedia and other user-generated websites are acceptable sources. Don't fear, we rely only on those books, manuscripts and scientific journals which are respected and updated. Explain why your thesis is correct giving arguments to counter factors. If possible, tell how the subject has evolved over the past and give it's implications for the future. ​The purpose of the dialogue is to interpret and describe what you could have learned out of your research.

Ten Simple Rules For Structuring Papers

Ten Simple Rules For Structuring Papers Will use this service again, everything was great. I'm impressed with the way this paper turned out. Had to ask for a couple of revision sessions however the ultimate result's great. This is maybe the most boring a part of the method. The objective of the essay can even depend on whether it is an educative or informative piece. If you are attempting to teach readers, you wish to select a topic that resonates together with your viewers. For example, you can interview an professional in office politics to discuss the way to prevent disagreements between senior and junior staff. A well-written interview paper will speak on to the reader and make them feel as if they are the one interviewing the expert. Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion --- these are the important thing parts of a good paper. Make sure that your title is catchy and informative, all of sudden. Allow your title to pique your readers’ curiosity and even make a press release. Here are some straightforward-to-observe tips to give you a fantastic title on your analysis paper. In general, those citations will embody the final name of the writer and a page number, 12 months, or both denoting the sourceâ€"format varies by type. These citations should go next to quotes in addition to paraphrased information. Some require a summary of research, whereas others want an authentic argument supported with analysis. You should look through dozens of sources to find the information that may help you structure the paper. We know where to look for them and what sources to use. This makes it essential to craft the interview in a method that's partaking. You additionally need to interview a educated person who can present new information about the subject. The IMRAD is a passkey to the construction and function of an excellent research paper. Try to do that the day after you end your ultimate draft so as to verify it with fresh eyes. Texts from this period have largely been misplaced to time, and the primary cause is poor preservation strategies (Jones, 2005, p. 27). embrace a works cited listing and cite your sources according to the required fashion guide! Within your paper, that means utilizing in-textual content and parenthetical citations correctly. Use tutorial search engines like google similar to Academic Search Premier, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and others. If you’re unsure how to entry these, check together with your campus library. Professors could have a pre-approved list of topics, or they may provide you with a really general immediate. When selecting a topic, hold a few things in thoughts. All in all of the paper was OK however I expected more for this worth. If it is tough to fulfill in particular person, you possibly can conduct the interview via telephone, video call or other electronic means. It is advisable to arrange more questions than you plan to ask. During the interview, you'll be able to then select those you feel are best fitted to the interviewee or the scenario. Highlight or organize the questions in order of significance to maximize your time with the interviewed person. Serving High School, College, and University students, their teachers, and impartial researchers since 2000. Always give your paper one last learn-via to examine for minor errors. Start with a quick overview of the subject and relevant background information. This is simply a paragraph, so hold it engaging but succinct. In the digital age, academic analysis takes place principally on-line . Still, this doesn’t mean that Wikipedia and other user-generated websites are acceptable sources. Don't fear, we rely only on those books, manuscripts and scientific journals which are respected and updated. Explain why your thesis is correct giving arguments to counter factors. If possible, tell how the subject has evolved over the past and give it's implications for the future. ​The purpose of the dialogue is to interpret and describe what you could have learned out of your research.

Generally Essays

Generally Essays A great concept is to use different examples in your essay which needn't always be associated with day by day life and rather may be associated to something that you just read or watched somewhere. The institutes and universities are strict on referencing styles. The grading criteria dedicates one portion of it to the referencing type and the way it is accomplished. Before making the fee an perception of the refund and cancellation phrases should be noted. If there is transaction failure the grievance must be resolved efficiently and quickly. A clear understanding should be there relating to data insurance policies which covers the privateness upkeep and fraud prevention. It is extra in relation with offering you with subtopics or channeling your ideas into a stream of thoughts which can help you question your belief concerning the matter. The essay ought to be such which gives a glimpse of what ideas, feelings and emotions are ongoing in your mind. As there is a lack of expertise and different talked about elements leads to a loss of curiosity to finish the task, and in the event that they secure low grades, their prospects are profoundly affected. Failing to safe correct employment when it comes to place and quality forces him to change his way of life and other decisions. This quantities to high-stress levels, which is another factor affecting their life-style. This imbalance of stress additionally amounts to poor efficiency at every stage of life and affects the every day functioning of the particular person because right here, then the stress starts to manage them. Inadequate efficiency leads to job loss because they're unable to stability work and research. There are a number of styles like APA, MLA, Chicago etc. but your fashion could be totally different and this should be communicated to the writer properly in advance. Referencing is a time-consuming course of and a little misapprehension on the finish can imbalance your grades at a really excessive extent. It is essential to undergo the samples written beforehand on the identical subject to be able to get an thought concerning the company’s work. It can be advisable to take down samples of earlier work of a number of writers to be able to decide the most effective one appropriate in your work. The paper is then despatched to the scholar by way of E-mail or is out there to download on the site â€" This makes the process of distribution simpler, and the document could be dealt with safely, without privacy points. No one besides the unique writer, the modifying team, and the consumer can see the document and download it for future use. At occasions, the scholar could also be hardly capable financially of surviving. In these instances, they don't seem to be in a position to afford the required amount of buy of reference books or journals a bit expensive and usually are not easily out there on the web. Due to this imbalance, they safe low grades and steadily lose interest in research due to improper performance during exams and assignments. Due to this, they're also unable to clear their entrance exam for the higher-stage studies. This makes them feel that they do not need to get educated, which quantities to prolonged feelings of sadness, and hence this creates a mental well being drawback. It is human tendency to take every minute element into consideration before making any choice. In these fashionable instances, different mode of cost should be offered by the corporate with completely different cost choices. Proper research and analysis of which one offers with professional paper writing is to be recognized, starting from simple to difficult or difficult tasks. The high quality of content material supplied by the web site â€" Although the appearance of the website could also be engaging, however in some cases, the content material may not match the standard required by the consumer. So, you should not only check the standard of the but in addition the content. It supplies the reader an entire thought about how you view the world in and round you. The people who verify the essay does not spend plenty of time on reading the essay which is why offering with vivid introductory paragraph is important. This could be achieved by starting the essay with an anecdote or with such a narrative line which supplies a brief about your personality. The samples not solely give a short, somewhat they supply with nice insights in regards to the subject you wish to work on. There are some main players within the industry at current who were capable of crack the understanding concerning the needs of the students in an ideal manner. They have been recognized nicely by the students all over and are persevering with to mark their edge in coming future by way of their prime-notch companies.

How To Write High

How To Write High Working from your individual concepts will allow you to keep away from plagiarism. Plagiarism is the uncredited use of someone else’s words or ideas, whether you meant to make use of them without credit score or not. As you create an outline, suppose critically about what you are trying to clarify or talk in your research paper and what structure lets you do this in a clear, organized method. It normally is smart to have an introduction and conclusion, but what goes between will differ primarily based on the contents of your essay. You can try free writing, which entails taking a broad matter and writing repeatedly for two or three minutes to establish completely something relevant that could be attention-grabbing. If you might be crafting a paper from scratch, begin by studying via the above steps to discover ways to write a strong research paper. If you've already written a paper, go over this checklist to ensure that it is able to turn in. Grammarly is like a tremendous-powered spell checker. Each one ought to concentrate on a single declare or idea that helps to determine the overall argument or function of the paper. A structure outline can help make the writing course of far more efficient, so it’s worth dedicating some time to create one. You will probably revise and refine the thesis assertion as you do extra analysis, however it could function a information throughout the writing course of. Every paragraph should aim to help and develop this central declare. Give the paper a sense of finality by ensuring the reader understands how you’ve settled the problems raised in the introduction. Be particular in regards to the subject of the paper, introduce the background, and define key phrases or ideas. Paragraphs are the fundamental constructing blocks of analysis papers. Don’t be afraid to reach out to your instructor for assist, however be affordable and accountable about it. Just don’t anticipate them that will help you in the midst of the night time, on a weekend, or minutes before an project is due. Now that you simply’ve received a paper written, take a moment to congratulate your self. You have done lots of work to get thus far! You nonetheless have to edit your paper before it’s ready to turn in. It’s a free Chrome extension that allows you to edit your writing. You can copy and paste your paper into the Grammarly editor and get spelling and grammar advice that's straightforward to implement. If you’re looking for extra assist or wish to use the software without leaving Microsoft Office, check out Grammarly Premium or Grammarly for Microsoft Office. However, it’s essential to remember when using this software program (or any spelling or grammar checker!) that it is a computer and subsequently doesn’t all the time perceive your writing. You have to go over every suggestion made by the software program and make sure that it's certainly correcting an error or improving a sentence and not altering something that you just meant to say. You would possibly discover errors or formatting points that your eyes missed while reading in your laptop. Once you have learn your analysis paper for a final time and double checked that your paper does every thing the project is asking for, it's time to submit. The thesis assertion should be concise, contentious, and coherent. A thesis assertion is a press release of your central argument â€" it establishes the purpose and position of your paper. If you started with a research question, the thesis statement should reply it. It should also present what proof and reasoning you’ll use to support that answer. Note any discussions that appear essential to the subject, and try to discover a problem that you could focus your paper round. Use a variety of sources, including journals, books and dependable websites, to ensure you do not miss something glaring. Remember how you weren’t supposed to worry about being excellent? You nonetheless don’t want to worry, however it's time to make your paper as good as you probably can. Some instructors would possibly, but you might be simply fortunate at that time. Once you’ve completed Steps 1â€"9, it’s definitely time to take a break. Give your paper a day or two and give it a last learn-via. It could be useful to print a duplicate of your paper and browse a hard-copy in case you have only learn through it on a screen thus far.

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Before You Start Writing That Paper ..

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7 Research Paper Writing Hints Which Work 10

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7 Research Paper Writing Hints Which Work 10

7 Research Paper Writing Hints Which Work 10 Beyond simply writing a canopy letter along with your experiences you possibly can personalize your consumer communication by researching them. Some projects might only want a quick informal project proposal. Jan Countercheck if your proposal addresses all the factors and directions indicated and ask yourself if you would rent your self for the position with that write out should you have been the employer. Jun keywords upwork consumer proposal cover letter upwork abilities check outcomes capabilities. It has been proven that in general three parts of the business proposal are examined meticulously the cover letter i ntroduction govt summary the costs and the timescales. And most new virtual assistants think that proposals on Upwork are the same way. From Danny Margulies of Freelance to Win Hi there May Proposal Cover Letter Sample You just want to repeat and paste with little bit adjustments based on Job Description. Aug To assist you to write simpler freelance proposals and win higher paying purchasers you possibly can choose up my free downloadable freelance proposal template over right here. How to write a profitable Upwork proposal 3 key guidelines. Here Are a Few Upwork Proposal Cover Letters Written by Yours Truly. Both paperwork are additionally to conform Given the next hypothetical gap and want within the literature present one pattern qualitative and one pattern quantitative downside assertion. Dissertations amp Theses Dissertations amp Theses is a service for ProQuest s lively university publishing companions. Aug These a hundred job profitable upwork proposal samples amp cowl letter format will surely assist you to be hired on your first applying to any freelancing job. In this tutorial i'll present you n the process to application bid apply on a job work upwork. thirteen Kudos A cowl letter is your first and maybe solely chance to impress a possible shopper or employer. In this submit I will publish all the hyperlinks to Upwork cover letter samples which I actually have posted here in my weblog. Nov Read on for an example of a cover letter for a software program developer position. State clearly and succinctly the objective of your letter and your requested subsequent action. I am very happy with the Enago’s English editing service. The editor made acceptable modifications and improved the standard of my manuscript. Ordering for editing service through the web site may be very simple. I would have my future manuscripts edited from Enago and would advocate Enago to anybody who wants a top quality English Editing or Proofreading companies. And whenever you include those particulars within the cowl letter it's not pushy as sending a comply with up email with the identical message could be. If you want more insights into cover letter writing learn Upwork s official proposal guidelines to find different useful suggestions. This letter ought to clarify to shoppers how you can help and In this post I will post all the hyperlinks to Upwork cover letter samples which I actually have posted right here in my blog. Special Event Proposal Artists for a Cause is a non revenue arts group that sends artists into native hospitals to deliver portray and other types of artwork therapy to patients. You can set up milestones as part of your proposal for a job or through the interview part before making a contract. docx Format May We have additionally included an Upwork proposal pattern that you can obtain and use. As it is well-known to all that first impression is the last impression . Data Entry Proposal Cover Letter Template for Upwork Aamir Rana Upwork Data Entry companies Cover Letter Sample Read the Important Note earlier than preparing a c 123 Main Street San Francisco CA 94122. Company Instead of on the lookout for somebody to do it for you I assume that s a wise factor to do it your self. Sep Agar ap upwork pe graphic designer hain or purchasers win krna chahtay hain to ye video apko help kregi. Given the complex natures of those documents you have to rely extensively on a bid proposal template to do the job. Generally talking NGOs have extra complicated proposals.

How To Write A Research Paper And Pick Research Paper Topics

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Fall 2010 Applicant Facts Post #3 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Fall 2010 Applicant Facts Post #3 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog A couple that I am friends with is having a baby soon and they have yet to choose a name.   They were recently talking about lists they were Googling related to the most popular baby names. That got me to thinking and I asked myself, Self, why dont you share the most common names of applicants to SIPA this year?   So in the first round, here are the most common female first names (top 10 by number) in the applicant pool this year, the males will come next week. 1. Elizabeth (20) 2. Jessica (18) 3. Tied at 15 each:   Alexandra, Sarah 4. Jennifer (14) 5. Katherine (13) 6. Tied at 12 each:   Emily, Laura 7. Stephanie (11) 8. Tied at 9 each:   Amanda, Anna, Rebecca 9. Tied at 8 each:   Julia, Maria, Nicole, Rachel 10. Tied at 7 each:   Amy and Sara And a random, useless piece of information if I had been a girl my mother had chosen the name Jennifer for me.

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Jonathan Swifts Gulliver in the Land of the Houyhnhnms...

Jonathan Swifts Gulliver in the Land of the Houyhnhnms In the last voyage in Jonathan Swifts book Gullivers Travels, A voyage to the country of the Houyhnhnms, Swift describes his idea of an ideal society. There are many examples provided in this part of the book to convince the reader that Swift is indeed illustrating his idea of a utopia. By using horses as the most reasonable creature, Swift not only defaces human society by making a beast a more powerful creature, but also shows that humans are unable to attain this perfectly reasonable society. The society that the Houyhnhnms live in is unlike any society known to man. The Houyhnhnms are perfect in the way they live their lives; they are always doing what is best for†¦show more content†¦Gulliver explains the idea of war to the Master Houyhnhnm, and it is hard form him to understand the significance of it and why it would ever be needed. This idea can be shown in the following quotation: The Houyhnhnms, indeed, appear not to be so well prepared for war, a science to which they are perfect strangers, and especially against missive weapons, (236). Gulliver tries to justify the causes of war and attempts to explain this idea to the Houyhnhnms, who can not grasp the concept of why such a thing would ever be necessary. The Houyhnhnms do not even have a word to describe such evil, as it is not something that exists in their world. The Master listens to all of Gullivers stories and decides that humans are not unlike the Yahoos after all. The Yahoos are characterize d by their greed and selfishness throughout the book, and humans are viewed to be of the same nature. Swift thinks that the Houyhnhnm society is the ideal society; for this revealed by the way that he shows Gulliver wanting to become just like them. Swift does not like the European culture which is very different from that of the Houyhnhnms. Swifts major focus is on reason and thinks that a completely reasonable society would be a perfect one; which is what the Houyhnhnm society revolves around. Swift is always pointing out faults in humans and how they are not as perfect as the Houyhnhnms,Show MoreRelatedJonathan Swift s True Purpose1067 Words   |  5 PagesKatherine Rowland Rowland 1 Mrs.Hofler MYP English 2 20 November 2014 Jonathan Swift’s True Purpose Happy adventure tale, wonderful children’s book, filth, and absurd were just a few words that people during the 17th century used to describe Gulliver’s Travels. During the 17th century there was a period of new ideas and creativity; that period was called the Reformation. The ReformationRead MoreGullivers Travels: Swifts Opinions Of The English Essay960 Words   |  4 PagesAfter being washed ashore and then falling asleep, Lemuel Gulliver awakens to find himself tied firmly to the ground. In confusion, Gulliver hears noises and feels an object move about on his chest. He looks down and accounts, I perceived it to be a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and an arrow in his hands and a quiver at his back (6).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Imaginative stories, such as the one with the small human creature, are parts of the classic piece of literature Gullivers Travels . TheRead MoreGullivers Travels: Where Size Doesnt Matter1675 Words   |  7 Pages In Jonathan Swift’s Gullivers Travels, satire is ever-present: in plot, character and setting. Dystopia and utopia set the story, with grotesque added to sharpen character facets. The title character narrates the novel, and all actions are told through his point of view. His voyages expose him to extraordinary and absurd circumstances, used as fodder for mockery, and all throughout Gulliver’s travails society is ridiculed, and a bitter light is cast on humanity. Character growth is notRead MoreAnalysis on Swifts Attitude Towards Humanity1622 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis on Swift’s Attitude towards Humanity Introduction In1726, Jonathan Swift, one of the best-known realistic writers in 18th century, published his book Gulliver’s Travels which on the surface is a collection of travel journals of a surgeon called Lemuel Gulliver but actually is a work of satire on politics and human nature. In the four incredible adventures, Gulliver’s perceptions are tied closely with Swift’s shame and disgust against British government and even against the wholeRead More Gullivers Travels Essay705 Words   |  3 Pages SATIRE OF GULLIVER’S TRAVELS nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Jonathan Swift’s satirical prose, Gulliver’s Travels, is the subject of a wide variety of literary critique and social interpretation. Although many readers, at first glance, take this tale to be simply a fantastic narrative of a common man and his encounters with unusual locations and people through several journeys, further inspection reveals Swift’s true purpose of creativity--satire. Using the contemporary style of the Travel NarrativeRead MoreAnalysis on Swift’s Attitude Towards Humanity1638 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis on Swift’s Attitude towards Humanity Introduction In1726, Jonathan Swift, one of the best-known realistic writers in 18th century, published his book Gulliver’s Travels which on the surface is a collection of travel journals of a surgeon called Lemuel Gulliver but actually is a work of satire on politics and human nature. In the four incredible adventures, Gulliver’s perceptions are tied closely with Swift’s shame and disgust against British government and even against the whole of theRead MoreGullivers Travels1043 Words   |  5 PagesTravels INTRODUCTION Gullivers Travels (1726, amended 1735), officially Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, in Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, is a novel by Irish writer and clergyman Jonathan Swift .This novel is considered both a satire on human nature and a parody of the â€Å"fictional travelogues’ tales literary sub-genre. It is Swifts best known full-length work, and a classic of English literature. The book became tremendously popular as soon as it was published. (John Gay saidRead MoreEssay on Use of Satire in Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels729 Words   |  3 PagesGullivers Travelsnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; Jonathan Swifts story, Gullivers Travels, is a very clever story. It recounts the fictitious journey of a fictitious man named Lemuel Gulliver, and his travels to the fantasy lands of Lilliput, Brobdinag, Laputa, and Houyhnhmn land. When one first reads his accounts in each of these lands, one may believe that they are reading humorous accounts of fairy-tale-like lands that are intended to amuse children. When one reads this story inRead MoreSatire Of The s Travels By Jonathan Swift1368 Words   |  6 Pagesincorporating satire into his comedies. Jonathan Swift urged humanity to care for the hunger of the world by feasting on children. Jane Austen wrote satirically on the ways of the noble class. Time and time again, authors use strong words in powerful satire to indirectly convey influential messages. It is intended to be ironic, but not necessarily funny. Despite its light-hearted presentation, satire can be used to question human nature. In Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan S wift, satire is used to show thatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Gulliver s Travels 1581 Words   |  7 Pages​Quite obviously, Lemuel Gulliver is the most focused on character in Jonathan Swift’s novel Gulliver’s Travels, as he is the most characteristically developed. Gulliver is from a middle-class English family and we see all angles of his personality, his morals, and his behavior through the various situations he finds himself in and his observable conduct and the actions he choses to take in those situations. Gulliver learned a lot throughout his many journeys, and this leads him to realize more about

Civilization vs. Savagery Free Essays

In the novel, Lord of the Flies, the boys ended up stranded on the island. In order to get out of the predicament they areir in, they havehad to adapt to the situation. They used things around them to maintain civilization, which also had symbolic meanings related to them. We will write a custom essay sample on Civilization vs. Savagery or any similar topic only for you Order Now By analyzing the evolution of symbols such as the conch, fire, and Piggy’s glasses. In the novel, one can map out the boys’ gradual descent into savagery. The conch represents power because it once was able to control the boys with it. The conch symbolizes democracy, structure, and respect. In the beginning, Ralph and Piggy discover the conch shell on the beach, and Ralph uses it to call the other boys on the island. IQ â€Å"By the time Ralph finished blowing the conch the platform was crowded† (Golding 32). The conch gave them order, it was used to summon the other boys and call the group together. It gave them power because it was able to control the boys. When anyone had ideas, they used it to speak their minds. The conch shell becomes a powerful symbol of civilization and order in the novel. Fire is a technology that threatens destruction if it gets out of control. Fire symbolizes the boys’ connection to human civilization. Their signal fire gives them hope to get rescued. â€Å"You got your small fire all right† (Golding 21). By keeping the signal fire going they hope to attract the attention of a passing boat or aircraft who could possibly rescue them. The fire at the end of the novel, is the direct result of the conflict between Ralph and Jack’s tribe, which ultimately results in the destruction of the island. They got rescued because of the fire so it plays an important role throughout the novel but their friends got killed due to the fire too which shows the destructive and savage side of fire. Piggy’s glasses represent the creativeness in society. The symbolism of his glasses is clear from the start when the boys use them to focus the sunlight and start a fire. â€Å"His specs, use them as burning glasses!† (Golding 55). Piggy is probably the most intelligent in the group. His rational thinking and ability to see solutions to the boys problems, helps them accomplish their situations. The glasses represent the boys only means of obtaining fire to help. Once the glasses are stolen, and Piggy cannot see, he is unable to help Ralph maintain civilization. The symbols in the novel, Lord of the Flies, kept them in civilization for a while. The supplies they used, helped them achieve longevity in their environment and supported their up-keeping. The evolution of the symbols, such as the conch, fire, and Piggy’s glasses, maintained their civilization, and introduced their descent into savagery. How to cite Civilization vs. Savagery, Papers

Who Makes Decision in My Life. free essay sample

Why do we go and bother those definitions which are created by others. Instead, we should create our life by our oneself. We create our own definition of life. It Is because different people have different definition of life. In other way of saying what I have said In the first paragraph, one should make decision for ones life. For me, I would make my own decision In my life, not any others. If you argue that It Is possible that others help you to make decision, I will show you that your life will be a pathetic and miserable one.For Instance, will you ask our friends or parents to help you decide whether to go to toilet or not when its needed? I guess the answer is already in your mind. My example might sound very ridiculous and disgusting, but it is perfectly true and it is just the purpose of emphasizing that one should be responsible to oneself and so, make own decision. We will write a custom essay sample on Who Makes Decision in My Life. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although one should make ones decision for oneself, however, everything has its exception; do not misunderstand what I have been trying to tell. The exception is that some people are not mature enough to make his or her own decision.Sometimes, we have to listen to those suggestion, advice and exhortation by the elderly and our parents. Yet, do remember that there are Just assistance and the final decisions are made by your oneself. Many people often hesitate to make decision when they are facing problems which will affect their future prospects significantly. Consequently, they tend to listen to others advice and suggestion instead of doing what they really desire to. It is because they are fear of being unable to accomplish what others wish them to.By owing so, it will cause them to move on the wrong track and destroy their future. It is extremely arduous when one is doing something which he or she doesnt want to be. In theory, it may seem very serious, in reality, what I have been saying is perfectly true. In conclusion, one should be responsible to him or herself no matter who and where you are. Be the one you wanted to be, not the one who others want you to. When others tell you something, you may listen; yet, do always remember Just take It as an advice. The final decision Is always In your hand.Once failed, do not regret and try harder, once success, It Is all yours. Who Makes Decision in My Life. By Wandering understanding of life? I firmly believe theres none. Life isnt about finding yourself, life is about creating yourself. Why do we go and bother those definitions which are own definition of life. It is because different people have different definition of life. In other way of saying what I have said in the first paragraph, one should make decision for ones life. For me, I would make my own decision in my life, not any others.If you argue that it is possible that others help you to make decision, I will show you that your life will be a pathetic and miserable one. For instance, will you ask ridiculous and disgusting, but it is perfectly true and it is Just the purpose of extremely arduous when one is doing something which he or she doesnt want to be. When others tell you something, you may listen; yet, do always remember Just take it as an advice. The final decision is always in your hand. Once failed, do not regret and try harder, once success, it is all yours.

Free Essays on My Dad

My Dad The first six years of my life were the best. I lived with my dad, my mom, and my younger brother in an apartment on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. Every season of every year is worth remembering. In the fall, Mom and I would go across the street to Central Park, stand among the scores of people, and cheer for Dad, who ran the New York City Marathon virtually every year. When my dad ran, he had self-satisfaction in his eyes and perseverence in his heart. In the winter, Dad would carry me on his shoulders through the snow-covered "Great Lawn" in the heart of Central Park. I remember one time when he took me ice-skating near there. In the spring, Dad would bike-ride through Central Park; I would be buckled in the seat behind him, loving every minute of our field trip. In the summer, we would all go to my cousins' house in New Jersey for a great family reunion full of kisses, hugs, games, and of course, barbeque. Every minute I spent with my Dad was a wonderful adven ture that was always exciting†¦especially the Harlem Globetrotters game that my best friend and I went to with our dads. I remember when I was about four, I always wanted to ride the Merry-go-Round in Central Park. Dad accompanied me there and I couldn't wait to sit on the horse as if I was a little cowgirl. As we stood in line, I felt the excitement in my bones. Then, it was my turn. I got on the Merry-go-Round, sat on my horse, and the Merry-go-Round began to "go-round". I flipped out. I wanted to get off that horse, it was scaring me so much. Dad got me down off the horse and we sat together in one of the seats on the carousel and enjoyed the remainder of the ride. Another time, when I was maybe in the third grade, my mom had to go away on business, so I had the benefit of spending the entire weekend with my dad†¦and my brother. Dad allowed me to have a few friends over for a sleepover at the apartment[with my mother's approval, of course... Free Essays on My Dad Free Essays on My Dad My Dad The first six years of my life were the best. I lived with my dad, my mom, and my younger brother in an apartment on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. Every season of every year is worth remembering. In the fall, Mom and I would go across the street to Central Park, stand among the scores of people, and cheer for Dad, who ran the New York City Marathon virtually every year. When my dad ran, he had self-satisfaction in his eyes and perseverence in his heart. In the winter, Dad would carry me on his shoulders through the snow-covered "Great Lawn" in the heart of Central Park. I remember one time when he took me ice-skating near there. In the spring, Dad would bike-ride through Central Park; I would be buckled in the seat behind him, loving every minute of our field trip. In the summer, we would all go to my cousins' house in New Jersey for a great family reunion full of kisses, hugs, games, and of course, barbeque. Every minute I spent with my Dad was a wonderful adven ture that was always exciting†¦especially the Harlem Globetrotters game that my best friend and I went to with our dads. I remember when I was about four, I always wanted to ride the Merry-go-Round in Central Park. Dad accompanied me there and I couldn't wait to sit on the horse as if I was a little cowgirl. As we stood in line, I felt the excitement in my bones. Then, it was my turn. I got on the Merry-go-Round, sat on my horse, and the Merry-go-Round began to "go-round". I flipped out. I wanted to get off that horse, it was scaring me so much. Dad got me down off the horse and we sat together in one of the seats on the carousel and enjoyed the remainder of the ride. Another time, when I was maybe in the third grade, my mom had to go away on business, so I had the benefit of spending the entire weekend with my dad†¦and my brother. Dad allowed me to have a few friends over for a sleepover at the apartment[with my mother's approval, of course...

The Difference Between Hispanic and Latino

The Difference Between Hispanic and Latino Hispanic and Latino are often used interchangeably though they actually mean two different things. Hispanic refers to people who speak Spanish or are descended from Spanish-speaking populations, while Latino refers to people who are from or descended from people from Latin  America. In todays United States, these terms are often thought of as racial categories and are often used to describe race, in the way that we also use white, black, and Asian. However, the populations they describe are actually composed of various racial groups, so using them as racial categories is inaccurate. They work more accurately as descriptors of ethnicity, but even that is a stretch given the diversity of peoples they represent. That said, they are important as identities for many people and communities, and they are used by the government to study the population, by law enforcement to study crime and punishment, and by researchers of many disciplines to study social, economic, and political trends, as well as social problems.  For these reasons, its important to understand what they mean literally, how they are used by the state in formal ways, and how those ways sometimes differ from how people use them socially. What Hispanic Means and Where  It Came From In a literal sense, Hispanic refers to people who speak Spanish or who are descended from Spanish speaking lineage. This English word evolved from the Latin word  Hispanicus, which is reported to have been used to refer to people living in Hispania - the Iberian Peninsula in todays Spain -   during the Roman Empire. Since Hispanic refers to what language people speak or that their ancestors spoke, it refers to an element of culture. This means that, as an identity category, it is closest to the definition of ethnicity,  which groups people based on a shared common culture. However, people of many different ethnicities can identify as Hispanic, so its actually more broad than ethnicity. Consider that people who originate from Mexico, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico will have come from very different cultural backgrounds, excepting their language and possibly their religion. Because of this, many people considered Hispanic today equate their ethnicity with their or their ancestors country of origin, or with an ethnic group within this country. Reports indicate that it came into use by the United States government during Richard Nixons presidency, which spanned 1968‒1974. It first appeared on the U.S. Census in 1980, as a question prompting the Census taker to determine whether or not the person was of Spanish/Hispanic origin.  Hispanic is most commonly used in the eastern U.S., including Florida and Texas. People of all different races identify as Hispanic, including white people. In todays Census people self-report their answers and have the option to choose whether or not they are of Hispanic descent. Because the Census Bureau recognizes that Hispanic is a term that describes ethnicity and not race, people can self-report a variety of racial categories as well as Hispanic origin when they complete the form. However, self-reports of race in the Census indicate that some identify their race as Hispanic. This is a matter of identity, but also of the structure of the question about race included in the Census. Race options include white, black, Asian, American Indian or Pacific Islander, or some other race. Some people who identify as Hispanic may also identify with one of these racial categories, but many do not, and as a result, choose to write in Hispanic as their race. Elaborating on this, Pew Research Center wrote in 2015: [Our] survey of multiracial Americans finds that, for two-thirds of Hispanics, their Hispanic background is a part of their racial background – not something separate. This suggests that Hispanics have a unique view of race that doesn’t necessarily fit within the official U.S. definitions. So while Hispanic might refer to ethnicity in the dictionary and governmental definition of the term, in practice, it often refers to race. What Latino Means and Where It Came From Unlike Hispanic, which refers to language, Latino is a term that refers to geography. It is used to signify that a person is from or descended from people from Latin America. It is, in fact, a shortened form of the Spanish phrase latinoamericano -   Latin American, in English. Like Hispanic, Latino does not technically speaking refer to race. Anybody from Central or South America and the Caribbean can be described as Latino. Within that group, like within Hispanic, there are varieties of races. Latinos can be white, black, indigenous American, mestizo, mixed, and even of Asian descent. Latinos can also be Hispanic, but not necessarily. For example, people from Brazil are Latino, but they are not Hispanic, since Portuguese, and not Spanish, is their native language. Similarly, people may be Hispanic, but not Latino, like those from Spain who do not also live in or have lineage in Latin America. It was not until the year 2000 that Latino first appeared on the U.S. Census as an option for ethnicity, combined with the response Other Spanish/Hispanic/Latino. In the most recent Census, conducted in 2010, it was included as Another Hispanic/Latino/Spanish origin. However, as with Hispanic, common usage and self-reporting on the Census indicates that many people identify their race as Latino. This is especially true in the western United States, where the term is more commonly used, in part because it offers a distinction from the identities of Mexican American and Chicano  - terms that specifically refer to descendants of people from Mexico. Pew Research Center found in 2015 that 69% of young Latino adults ages 18 to 29 say their Latino background is part of their racial background, as does a similar share of those in other age groups, including those 65 and older. Because Latino has come to be identified as a race in practice and associated with brown skin and origin in Latin America, black Latinos often identify differently. While they are likely to be read simply as black within U.S. society, due to their skin color, many identify as Afro-Caribbean or Afro-Latino  - terms which serve to distinguish them both from brown-skinned Latinos and from descendants of the North American population of black slaves. So, like with Hispanic, the standard meaning of Latino  often differs in practice. Because practice differs from policy, the U.S. Census Bureau is poised to change how it asks about race and ethnicity in the coming 2020 Census. The possible new phrasing of these questions would allow for Hispanic and Latino to be recorded as the respondents self-identified race.

Monoclonal antibodies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Monoclonal antibodies - Essay Example The fusion of myeloma cells together with mammalian spleen cells results to a hybrid cells that produces a high amount of the monoclonal antibodies. Out of this experiment, two types of cells are produced. One has the potential to grow continuously while the other has the ability to produce large amounts of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies are works better than convectional drugs since the antibody specifically targets the antigen and does not have negative health effects like the conventional drugs, which causes side effects after being used (Hsu, 1990, 34). If the amount of monoclonal antibodies becomes excess in the blood, it means that there is the presence of abnormal protein in the blood.   Screening of blood helps to identify these proteins through a process called protein electrophoresis. The plasma cells in the bone marrow are the main source of the production of monoclonal antibody abnormally.Monoclonal antibodies production  Hybridoma produces the monoclona l antibodies. Hybridoma cells can be made through fusing two cells so that the characteristics of two cells can be combined into one cell. One of the two cells should be myeloma, which is the tumor cell while the other should be the antibody-producing cell. The hybridoma produced in the laboratory has the ability to replicate faster than the normal cells that produces antibodies (Newcombe, 2007, 23). One common way in which the immune system of the humans fights diseases or presence.... pecifically targets the antigen and does not have negative health effects like the conventional drugs, which causes side effects after being used (Hsu, 1990, 34). If the amount of monoclonal antibodies becomes excess in the blood, it means that there is the presence of abnormal protein in the blood. Screening of blood helps to identify these proteins through a process called protein electrophoresis. The plasma cells in the bone marrow are the main source of the production of monoclonal antibody abnormally. Monoclonal antibodies production Hybridoma produces the monoclonal antibodies. Hybridoma cells can be made through fusing two cells so that the characteristics of two cells can be combined into one cell. One of the two cells should be myeloma, which is the tumor cell while the other should be the antibody-producing cell. The hybridoma produced in the laboratory has the ability to replicate faster than the normal cells that produces antibodies (Newcombe, 2007, 23). On the other hand , the tumor cells have potential to grow endlessly and at a higher rate than the normal cells. A specific monoclonal antibody that is originally produced by the B-lymphocyte is manufactured by the hybridoma cells. One common way in which the immune system of the humans fights diseases or presence of an antigen is through the production of large amounts of antibodies (Birch, Lennox, 2000, 30). These antibodies keep circulating throughout the body until they come across an antigen, which they will attach themselves on. As soon as they attach themselves, they alert the rest of the immune system to produce many of the antibodies to fight the specific antigen found. Monoclonal antibody can be produced in the laboratory and its effectiveness carries a higher percentage since it is designed for a

QUALITY OF LIFE, YEARS OF EDUCATION AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE Thesis

QUALITY OF LIFE, YEARS OF EDUCATION AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE - Thesis Example der that the death rate in this country is also quite low; at 6.4 per 1000 population and the average longevity of people are around 77 years, 74 years for males and 80 years for females as per Year 2009 database. Thus, it could reasonably be estimated that elderly people could live for quite a long time and would thus need to be cared for during their period of senility. Coming to the level of education, it is seen that literacy rate in this country is quite good, at 97.6% for general population, with a large English speaking population. Besides, Cyprus happens to be one of the most prosperous countries in the Mediterranean region with â€Å"Annual GDP real growth rate (2008): government-controlled area: 3.8%† (Background note: Cyprus, 2009, para.3). Thus, the aspects of high level of education and positive socio-economic growth needs to be aligned with its impact on its elderly

Onderwerp pws studie financiering

Onderwerp pws studie financiering Inleiding Het onderwerp van mijn profiel werkstuk is studiefinanciering geworden omdat het erg speelt momenteel en het voor bijna elke student een noodzaak is. Voor veel studenten zou de afschaffing van studiefinanciering betekenen dat ze hun studie niet kunnen afmaken of à ¼berhaupt beginnen. Omdat ik ook volgend jaar ga studeren leek het me interessant om uit te zoeken wat er allemaal bij studiefinanciering komt kijken en wat dit voor mij betekend. Ook heb ik het macro-economische aspect onderzocht. Begrippen lijst WSF 2000 = Wet studiefinanciering 2000 IB-Groep = De Informatie Beheer Groep DUO = Dienst Uitvoering Onderwijs HBO = Hoger beroeps onderwijs WO = Wetenschappelijk onderwijs Nuffic = Stichting Nederlandse organisatie voor internationale samenwerking in het hoger onderwijs Tertiair = Derde (in de rij) *HBO dus Wat is studiefinanciering in het algemeen? Studeren is vrij duur. Om het voor iedereen in Nederland betaalbaar te maken om een studie te volgen is op 1 september 2000 de Wet studiefinanciering 2000 (WSF 2000) in gegaan. De Informatie Beheer Groep (IB-Groep) verzorgt en controleert de WSF 2000 regeling. Deze wet wordt gefinancierd door belastingbetalers. Dat wil zeggen dat iedere Nederlander met een inkomen aan de studiefinanciering meebetaalt. De Wet studiefinanciering 2000 is er voor MBO en HBOstudenten, en voor studenten aan de Universiteit, Dit geldt alleen voor leerlingen met een voltijdse opleidingen. Als je je opleiding toch in deeltijd wil volgen zal je je studie zelf op een andere manier moeten betalen. Studiefinanciering is een bedrag van de overheid wat je krijgt om tijdens je studie jezelf deels in je levensonderhoud en studiekosten te kunnen voorzien. De studiefinanciering is soms een gift dus na je studie hoef je het niet terug te betalen, soms is het een rentedragende lening en soms een combinatie van deze twee mogelijkheden. Daarnaast is er ook nog een prestatiebeurs, waarbij een lening kan worden veranderd in een gift als je prestaties goed genoeg zijn, dat betekent dus dat je moet slagen binnen een bepaalde tijd. Haal je dit niet dan moet je het gehele geleende bedrag terug betalen. Dus de basisbeurs, de aanvullende beurs en de OV-Chipkaart. De verschillende onderdelen waar Studiefinanciering uit kan bestaan zijn als volgt: de basisbeurs een aanvullende beurs voor studenten met minder rijke ouders een mogelijke rentedragende lening de OV-Chipkaart het collegegeldkrediet Over al deze punten ga ik in de komende hoofdstukken meer uitleg geven. Wanneer heeft men recht op studiefinanciering Als je studiefinanciering wilt ontvangen moet je aan bepaalde voorwaarde voldoen. De voorwaarde zijn onder andere Leeftijd, Nationaliteit en welk onderwijssoort. Leeftijd over het algemeen komt elke student die HBO of WO volgt in aanmerking tot hij/zij 30 jaar is, Een minimale leeftijd hiervoor is er dus niet. De studenten die nog geen 18 zijn hebben vanaf het 1e kwartaal na het begin van je studie ook recht op studiefinanciering. Als je dus op 5 februari begint met studeren aan een HBO of WO opleiding dan heb pas vanaf 1 maart recht op studiefinanciering. Je mag doorstuderen tot je 34 bent als je maar na je 30ste je studiefinanciering niet meer stop zet. Ben je ouder dan 34 dan zijn er geen mogelijkheden meer voor studiefinanciering. Nationaliteit wie voor studiefinanciering in aanmerking wil komen moet een Nederlandse nationaliteit hebben. Er zijn wel een aantal groepen niet Nederlanders die ook in aanmerking komen voor studiefinanciering. Als je geen Nederlander bent maar wel in Nederland woont, dan kan je soms dus toch wel studiefinanciering krijgen. Onderwijssoort Studiefinanciering is er alleen voor studenten die een volledige dagstudie volgen bij een gecertificeerde onderwijsinstelling in Nederland. Er zijn soms uitzonderingen in het HBO of WO (wettenschappelijk onderwijs) voor deeltijd opleidingen. Deze opleidingen staan dan bij de Wet voor het Hoger onderwijs en Wetenschappelijk onderzoek (WHW) aangegeven Welke juridische wetten gelden er voor Studie financiering Er zijn vele honderden wetsartikelen over studiefinanciering, Ik kan deze niet allemaal gaan noemen in verband met het extra paginas die deze zouden toevoegen. De meest belangrijke is de al eerder genoemde Wet studiefinanciering 2000 (WSF) Alleen deze wet bestaat al uit 61 bladzijdes Andere voorbeelden van juridische wetten met betrekking tot studiefinanciering zijn: Wet studiefinanciering 2000 (WSF) Wet tegemoetkoming onderwijsbijdrage en schoolkosten (WTOS) Les- en cursusgeldwet (LCW) Wet op het hoger onderwijs en wetenschappelijk onderzoek (WHW) Wijzigingswet van enkele onderwijswetten in verband met de invoering van persoonsgebonden nummers in het onderwijs (WON) Regeling aanmelding selectie hoger onderwijs Aanvulling regeling aanmelding selectie hoger onderwijs De basisbeurs De basisbeurs is niet afhankelijk van het inkomen van de ouders van de student. Elke student die aan de studiefinancierings eisen voldoet heeft hier recht op. Dat is hetzelfde geval bij de OV-Chipkaart. De basisbeurs verschilt bij uitwonende en bij thuiswonende studenten. Bij uitwonende is deze namelijk veel hoger, en het maakt verschil of de student hoger onderwijs (HBO of WO) of beroepsonderwijs volgt. Met ingang van 2010 bedraagt de basisbeurs voor studenten in het HBO en WO: voor uitwonende studenten 259,76 euro voor thuiswonende studenten 93,23 euro In het beroepsonderwijs: voor uitwonende studenten 240,02 euro voor thuiswonende studenten 73,56 euro De aanvullende beurs De aanvullende beurs werkt anders dan de basisbeurs bij deze beurs is het namelijk wel van belang hoe hoog het inkomen van de ouders is. Het peiljaar voor ouderlijk inkomen: Om de draagkracht van de ouders zo goed mogelijk in te schatten wordt het ouderlijk inkomen van 2 jaar geleden gekozen als peiljaar dus indien het 2010 is word 2008 als peiljaar gebruikt. En wordt er gekeken welk inkomen beide ouders in 2008 hadden. De hoogte van dit inkomen bepaalt uit eindelijk of men er recht op heeft en als er recht op is hoe hoog deze aanvullende beurs dan wordt. Ouderbijdrage: De DUO ( Dienst Uitvoering Onderwijs) voorheen IB-Groep Bepaalt aan de hand van het inkomen van de ouders de ouderbijdrage Dit is het bedrag waarvan verwacht wordt dat de ouders het zelf kunnen betalen. Dit bedrag is bepalend omdat dit de uiteindelijke hoogte van de aanvullende beurs bepaalt. De ouderbijdrage wordt van de maximale aanvullende beurs afgetrokken Als de ouderbijdrage dus hoger of gelijk aan de aanvullende beurs is dan heeft de student hier geen recht op. De hieronder staande gegevens zijn dus voor een student zonder ouderbijdrage. Met ingang van 2010 bedraagt de aanvullende beurs voor studenten in het HBO en WO (Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs): voor een uitwonende student 231,43 euro voor een thuiswonende student 211,99 euro In het beroepsonderwijs voor een uitwonende student 319,27 euro voor een thuiswonende student 299,82 euro De rentedragende lening De rentedragende lening is een echte lening die dus ook later terug betaald moet worden. Deze lening is alleen beschikbaar voor studenten die ook recht hebben op studiefinanciering. Hoe hoog deze lening kan zijn is afhankelijk van het soort opleiding en de woonsituatie. Hoeveel geld de student uiteindelijk leent is zijn eigen keuzen. Dit bedrag varieert van 10 euro per maand tot soms wel 600 euro per maand. Studenten vergeten vaak dat dit hele bedrag ook terug moet worden betaald, inclusief rente. En dat de studie schuld al snel oploopt tot enkele duizenden euros die na de studie met zijn/haar eerste baan met een waarschijnlijk niet al te hoog start salaris lastig wordt om terug te worden betaald. Collegegeld krediet Sinds 1 september is het naast een gewone rentedragende lening ook mogelijk om bij DUO een speciale lening aan te vragen speciaal voor het benodigde collegegeld Net als de rentedragende lening moet de collegegeld lening ook na de studie terugbetaald worden volgens de zelfde afspraken als de gewone studie financiering. Over het aflossen en eventueel kwijt schelden van de lening, het dus omzetten naar een gift leg ik later meer uit. De maximale hoogte van het collegegeld krediet wordt bepaald door de hoogte van het wettelijke collegegeld van dat jaar. Bijvoorbeeld van 2008 tot 2009 toen bedroeg het 1565, euro en dat is dus ook de maximale toegestane hoeveelheid die geleend kan worden De OV-Chipkaart In 1991 werd de OV-studentenkaart ingevoerd. De studentenkaart werd ingevoerd omdat de individuele reiskostenvergoeding te veel administratie met zich meebracht. Er waren meerdere argumenten voor de invoering van de OV-studentenkaart. Zo zou de regering veel minder geld kwijt zijn aan reiskostenvergoeding, en werd de basisbeurs bij elke student met 60 gulden verlaagd. Dit gold voor alle studenten, of ze wel of niet van het openbaar vervoer gebruik maakten. Een ander argument was het gebruik van het openbaar vervoer verhogen. Bovendien zouden studenten na de studieperiode nog steeds gebruik blijven maken van het openbaarvervoer. Wie recht heeft op studiefinanciering heeft ook recht op een OV-Chipkaart, vroeger heette dit de OV-Studenten kaart. Met de kaart kan je als student onbeperkt reizen met het openbaar vervoer. Er zijn 2 soorten chipkaarten, de weekeind en de week kaart. Met de weekeinde kaart mag je vanaf vrijdag 12:00 s middags tot en met het einde van de dienstregeling op zondagnacht. Met een week-OV mag je maandag tot en met vrijdag tot het einde van de dienstregeling gratis reizen. Een OV-kaart is ook een prestatie lening. Als je binnen 10 jaar niet slaagt, moet je het hele bedrag dat je OV-kaart waard was terug betalen, (90 * 10 * aantal jaar) Sinds wanneer is er studiefinanciering en wat is hier de geschiedenis van: Studiebeurzen ontstonden rond 1815, echter was het toen alleen beschikbaar voor hoogbegaafde en wat minder rijke mensen die toch ergens goed in waren. In de daarop volgende jaren kwam er steeds meer geld beschikbaar voor studiebeurzen. Het werd zelfs verdrievoudigd zodat steeds meer mensen konden gaan studeren die het eerder niet konden betalen. Maar er werd nog weinig gebruik van gemaakt omdat er een leenstelsel was en je bijna alles moest terug betalen na je studie Het Budget wordt in 1954 weer verhoogd om meer studenten een lening te kunnen verschaffen. Nu konden er meer mensen gaan studeren en nam het aantal aanvragen toe. Ook de wat rijkere studenten zorgden ervoor dat het aantal aanvragen toenam aangezien zij geen studiefinanciering nodig hadden. Omdat het overheidsbudget niet mocht worden overschreden werden er steeds hogere eisen aan studenten gesteld. Dit zorgde ervoor dat alleen de aller-slimste of kinderen van rijke ouders op de universiteit kwamen. In 1986 werd de aanvullende beurs en de prestatiebeurs ingevoerd. Studenten met armere ouders kregen een hogere toeslag. De hoogte van deze toelage was is wel afhankelijk van het inkomen van je ouders, het soort onderwijs dat je volgt en of je thuis wonend of uit huis was. Met de invoering van dit nieuwe systeem ontstonden er veel problemen. De kosten werden steeds hoger, en het stelsel was erg lastig en ingewikkeld. In 1990 werd er het onderwijs bezuinigd. Studenten kregen hierdoor minder studiefinanciering en kwamen in de problemen. In 1997 was er weinig tevredenheid meer over het nieuwe studiefinancieringsstelsel. Er waren al weer plannen voor een nieuw stelsel maar dit is door onderlinge ruzies in de verschillende partijen niet door gegaan. De Commissie Vermeend werd in 2002 opgericht om oplossingen te bedenken. Er word vandaag de dag nog gediscussieerd over de afschaffing van de basisbeurs, door bijvoorbeeld Wouter Bos (PVDA) die voor de afschaffing van de basisbeurs is. Als vervanging zou er een nieuw leenstelsel moeten komen. Maar daar is nog veel onduidelijkheid over, de VVD en GroenLinks zijn voor de invoering van een leenstelsel en D66, PVV en de SP tegen de invoering en dus voor het behoud van de basisbeurs. De afschaffing van de basisbeurs wordt een van de grote politieke knelpunten voor de aankomende verkiezingen. Studiefinanciering in het buitenland Je kunt vaak je studiefinanciering meenemen naar het buitenland. Maar er zijn wel verschillende eisen voor De eisen die van toepassing zijn om voor studiefinanciering in Nederland in aanmerking te komen, zoals leeftijd, nationaliteit en voltijds onderwijs gelden ook voor studiefinanciering in het buitenland. Er gelden ook nog enkele andere voorwaarden namelijk: De 3 jaren eis De Nederlandse regering wil alleen studiefinanciering meegeven aan studenten die een band met Nederland hebben. Daarom moet je minstens drie jaar legaal in Nederland hebben gewoond in de zes jaar voor dat je studiefinanciering in het buitenland in zou moeten gaan. Niet van twee walletjes genieten Als je Nederlandse studiefinanciering ontvangt en je ontvangt in het buitenland ook nog een studietoelage van de locale overheid, Dan heb je geen recht meer op Nederlandse studiefinanciering. Kwaliteit buitenlandse opleiding De opleiding die in het buitenland gevolgd gaat worden moeten van goede kwaliteit zijn. Hoger onderwijs in het buitenland verschilt erg van het Hoger onderwijs in Nederland. De diploma dat je aan het einde van de opleiding in het buitenland hebt gehaald, moet minstens van het zelfde niveau zijn als een diploma van een Nederlandse HBO opleiding. Als je een opleiding volgt die niet lijdt tot een diploma kan je ook geen studiefinanciering ontvangen, bijvoorbeeld de non-degree opleidingen in Amerika. Nuffic is een bedrijf dat DUO adviseert als het gaat om de kwaliteit en het niveau van buitenlandse opleidingen. Het gaat hierbij om het hogere onderwijs en of dat vergelijkbaar is met Nederlandse bachelor of masteropleidingen. Het is meestal niet mogelijk om van te voren uit te zoeken of de opleiding van vergelijkbaar niveau is. Omdat het onderwijssysteem te veel verschilt van het Nederlandse systeem wordt meestal in eerst instantie studiefinanciering toegekend. Op basis van je gehaalde diploma wordt achteraf door de DUO bepaald of je studiefinanciering wordt omgezet in een gift. Hoe hoog is studiefinanciering en hoe bepaal/bereken je dat? het hangt van verschillende factoren af hoe hoog je uiteindelijke studiefinanciering is. De volgende punten wegen mee in het bepalen van de basisbeurs. het verzamelinkomen of belastbaar inkomen van je vader en je moeder hoeveel broers en zussen je hebt tussen de 12 en 18 jaar, die zelf geen studiefinanciering aanvragen voor het hoger onderwijs hoeveel broers en zussen je hebt die een opleiding volgen in het voortgezet onderwijs (mavo, havo, vwo) of het voortgezet speciaal onderwijs en ouder zijn dan 18. hoeveel broers en zussen je hebt die een aanvullende beurs krijgen Op de website van DUO kan je zelf met al de bovenstaande gegevens de hoogte van je basisbeurs berekenen. Deze kan je dan aanvragen als je in het bezit bent van een digID. De hoogtes van de Studiefinanciering veranderen per jaar, en worden elk jaar door DUO vastgesteld. De vastgestelde waardes voor 2010 kan je vinden in een van de vorige hoofdstukken. Studieschuld bij de IB-Groep Er zijn veel studenten met schulden, er zijn meerder verschillende manieren om een schuld bij de IB-Groep krijgen. Er kan schuld ontstaan doordat je niet aan de prestatienorm hebt voldaan aan en de lening dus niet word omgezet in een gift, of doordat je zelf een lening bij de IB-Groep hebt aanvraagt. De schuld die je bij de IB-Groep kan hebben kan worden verdeeld in langlopende schulden en kortlopende schulden. Kortlopende studieschulden Kortlopende schulden moeten op korte termijn worden afgelost, bijvoorbeeld terwijl je nog studiefinanciering ontvangt. Tot de kortlopende schulden behoren: te veel uitgekeerde studiefinanciering, bijvoorbeeld te veel aanvullende beurs of onterecht ontvangen basisbeurs onterecht bezit van de Ov-studentenkaart De IB-Groep laat je weten hoeveel geld je had horen te krijgen en wat je schuld is. De IB-Groep maakt ook bekend op welke manier je dit bedrag terug moet betalen. Zolang je nog studiefinanciering ontvangt zal de IB-Groep deze schuld verrekenen met je studiebeurs, met een maximaal bedrag van 144,28 euro per maand. Langlopende schulden Langlopende schulden zijn schulden uit: rentedragende leningen en leningen die veroorzaakt worden door het niet halen van de tempo- of prestatienorm een kortlopende schuld die is omgezet in een langlopende schuld. Het aflossen van langlopende schulden begint met een aanloopfase en sluit af met een afloopfase Aanloopfase Als je afgestudeerd bent, of als je met je opleiding stopt, dan begint op 1 januari volgend op de datum waarop je met je studie bent gestopt de aanlooptijd van twee jaar te lopen. Tijdens je studie betaal ook rente over het geleende bedrag per jaar. Voor 2010 is de rente op 2,39 procent vastgesteld In de aanloopfase bent je nog niet verplicht om de schuld af te lossen, wel begint vanaf 1 januari de rente te lopen over je langlopende schuld. De rente wordt voor vijf jaar vastgesteld. Het is slim om al te beginnen met aflossen zo betaal je minder rente. Aflosfase Na de aanloopfase begint gelijk de aflosfase. Deze fase duurt maximaal 15 jaar, en je van verplicht om minimaal per maand 45,41 euro af te lossen. Mocht hiermee je schuld niet binnen 15 jaar afgelost zijn, dan wordt bepaald wat je maandelijks moet gaan betalen om wel binnen 15 jaar je schuld te hebben afbetaald. De hoogte van dit nieuwe maandelijkse bedrag wordt precies zo vastgesteld dat je na 15 jaar precies de hele schuld inclusief rente hebt betaald. Kwijtschelding Na de aflosfase van 15 jaar kan de IB-Groep overgaan tot kwijtschelding van je schuld. Dat kan alleen als je voldoet aan de volgende voorwaarden: er is tot het einde van de aflosfase een lager maandbedrag berekend vanwege een laag inkomen het inkomen van de partner heeft steeds meegeteld bij de berekening van het maandbedrag. Eigen mening Ik kan na afloop van dit onderzoek een mening vormen over het huidige stelsel. Ik heb mezelf er dusdanig in verdiept dat ik nu goed weet hoe het in elkaar zit, ook voor later als ik het zelf nodig heb. Ik vind dat het huidige stelsel over het algemeen goed geregeld is, er is genoeg duidelijkheid qua regelgeving en ook de hoogtes van de studiefinanciering zijn makkelijk te berekenen op de website van DUO. Een van de negatieve punten die ik heb gevonden is het meetellen van het belastbaar inkomen van je ouders. Ik vind dit een negatief punt omdat de meeste ouders hun kinderen niet oneindig geld blijven geven en dit enorm scheelt voor de basisbeurs die je als student ontvangt. Als je uit huis gaat en veel zelf moet bekostigen is het erg jammer als het inkomen van bijvoorbeeld je vader waar je dus niet bij inwoont soms wel 150 euro per maand minder aan studiefinanciering oplevert. Tenzij je ouders dit compenseren door zelf geld te geven loop je dit bedrag wat van de overheid komt dus gewoon mis. Ook de aanvullende beurs wordt beà ¯nvloed door het inkomen van je ouders. Als ik zelf een stelsel mocht maken gebaseerd op dit stelsel zou ik enkele punten wijzigen namelijk: de mate waarin het belastbaar inkomen meetelt, het moet natuurlijk wel uitmaken hoeveel ze verdienen maar het moet niet te veel geld schelen. En ik zou studenten minder makkelijk geld laten bij lenen. Je kan nu zonder enige moeite 500 euro per maand bij lenen, en dit loopt na 4 tot 5 jaar studeren al snel op tot een hoog en moeizaam terugbetaalbaar bedrag. Vooral met je startsalaris net na je studie wordt dit erg vervelend om terug te betalen. Ik zou de voordelen van het toekomstige leenstelsel en dit stelsel en het oude stelstel wat alleen voor de behoeftige was combineren. Om zo het ideale stelsel te creà «ren wat goed in elkaar zit met een duidelijke regelgeving en weinig rompslomp en voordelen voor alle deelnemende partijen. Slot Ik heb best wel wat geleerd van dit werkstuk en erg nuttige informatie gevonden over studiefinanciering. Ook vond ik het interessant om te lezen over studiefinanciering in het buitenland omdat ik zelf ook in het buitenland stage moet gaan lopen, (6 maanden lang) ook vond ik het wel interessant om zelf over het stelsel na te denken over punten die ik zou willen veranderen. En een eigen stelsel te bedenken